Our last article was about the First Republic of Nigeria when the nation first tried to rule itself after gaining independence from British rule. That republic ended in 1966 when the military took over the government. Again, after many years of military rule, Nigeria tried democracy. This new period was called the Second Republic, another phase of civilian governance. Many Nigerians have little or no knowledge about this second republic. So it’s an opportunity to learn about it briefly.
When Did the Second Republic In Nigeria Start?
The Second Republic in Nigeria began on October 1, 1979. It was after 13 years of military rule following the fall of the First Republic in 1966, which brought Nigerians to another dictatorship style of rulership without freedom of expression. Any attempt to oppose the government of the day, you get jailed or killed.
Who Was the First President of the Second Republic?
Alhaji Shehu Shagari was the first president of the Second Republic. He was elected into the seat in 1979 under the National Party of Nigeria (NPN).
Shehu Shagari was born in 1925 in Sokoto State. Before becoming the number one man in Nigeria, he served in different government roles, including as a teacher and federal minister. He was known as a calm and soft-spoken man who wanted unity and progress for Nigeria.
How Was the Nigeria’s Second Republic Different?
This time, Nigeria used a presidential system like the one used in the United States. Instead of having a prime minister like the First Republic, the president had all the executive powers. Thus, Shehu Shagari became both the head of state and head of government.
What Led to the Failure of the Second Republic?
Sadly, it happened again like the First Republic. The Second Republic did not last. It ended on December 31, 1983. Here are some reasons why it failed to include:
- Corruption: Many politicians misused public funds.
- Poor economy: The country was facing hardship and unemployment.
- Election problems: The 1983 election was unfair and full of rigging
- Mismanagement: Government programs were not well planned or carried out.
Because of all these problems, many Nigerians lost trust in the government.
Who Ended the Second Republic of Nigeria?
The military took over again. On December 31, 1983, Major General Muhammadu Buhari led a coup that removed President Shagari from office.
Buhari said the government was too corrupt and not doing its job, so the military had to step in again. So, the second republic was between 1979 and 1983.
How Long Did the Nigrerian Second Republic Last?
The Second Republic lasted for 4 years and 3 months, from October 1, 1979, to December 31, 1983.
Conclusion
The Second Republic of Nigeria was another chance for democracy after years of military rule. It started with hope and a new system but ended because of poor leadership and corruption. Just like the First Republic, it reminds us how significant good leadership, honesty, and fairness are for a strong nation.
Previously: Nigeria First Republic – The Beginning of Our Democratic Journey
Next Up: Nigeria Third Republic – A Lost Chance That Still Hurts
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